In October 2022, a United Surveys poll for Dziennik Gazeta Prawna and RMF24 found that a narrow majority of Poles, 52%, believe that the new abortion rules, which went into force in January 2021, have made people less likely to have children. A December 2021 poll by Ipsos for OKO.press asked people why women in Poland may not want to have children. It found that the most common responses were that women were worried about work (40%) and that they cannot financially afford having children (39%). The figures come after the introduction in 2021 of a near-total ban on abortion that many believe has made women less likely to want to get pregnant. Recent years have also seen a continual decline in Poland’s fertility rate, despite efforts by the government to boost the number of births. But the birthrate is again declining and Kaczynski admitted last month the program isn’t working as intended. The birthrate stood at 1.32 children per woman in 2021, according to Polish state statistics.
As of 2017, the employment rate for women aged 20–64 was 63.6%, compared to men’s rate of 78.2%. Although Poland has the image of a conservative country, often depicted as such in Western media, it actually has high numbers of professional women and women in business, and it also has one of the lowest gender pay gaps in the European Union. One of the obstacles faced by contemporary women in Poland is the anti-abortion law. Together with the figure of the « Polish Mother », abortion restrictions are used to encourage women to have many children. The Polish Mother symbol is a stereotype strongly cemented in the Polish consciousness and which was shaped by the turbulent history of the nation. During the long occupation, the responsibility for maintaining national identity fell on mothers, whose main task was the « upbringing of children ». Despite the strict legislation and conservative political discourse, Poland has one of the lowest fertility rates in Europe.
The existing and accessible treatment of lipedema is focused on symptom reduction and management. Guidelines for lipedema treatment have been created in other countries, including Germany , the Netherlands , the United Kingdom , and the United States of America . Each of the guidelines emphasizes the importance of self-management as part of a comprehensive and effective treatment of lipedema . The anti-abortion ruling’s anniversary comes amid increasing tensions between Poland’s government and the European Union after an October 7 Constitutional Tribunal ruling rejecting the binding nature of EU law. It followed a series of EU Court of Justice rulings that the Polish government’s weakening of judicial independence breaches EU law. The European Commission said it “will not hesitate to make https://www.falcinellimarcello.com/2023/01/19/30000-russian-woman-pictures-download-free-images-on-unsplash/ use of its powers” under EU treaties to ensure application of EU law and protect people’s rights. U.S. women can learn from strategies Polish women have deployed, said Giselle Carino of Fòs Feminista, an activist organization that fights for women’s rights around the world.
- Mid-16th century apparel contained a variety of types of decorations and accessories.
- This is a particularly effective means to address hybrid challenges in a democratic way—enhancing social cohesion, presenting fewer obstacles to involvement and harnessing more international support.
- Communist leaders claimed that women in Poland obtained equal rights as a result of socialistic social processes, and used that statement to explain why there was a lack of – and no need for – feminism in Poland.
- Guidelines for lipedema treatment have been created in other countries, including Germany , the Netherlands , the United Kingdom , and the United States of America .
- The current study is the first to explore quality of life in women with lipedema in Poland, and it has a number of limitations.
Both the European Court of Human Rights and the European Commission have found that the Constitutional Tribunal does not meet fair trial requirements due to its lack of independence from the legislative and the executive powers. One year after the ruling of Poland’s discredited Constitutional Tribunal banning access to abortion in almost all circumstances took effect, its devastating impact on the lives of women and all those in need of abortion care continues. The ruling has increased the extreme barriers women seeking access to abortion face and has had tragic consequences for many of them and their families. The Commission should urgently implement the mechanism tying access to EU funds to respect for EU values and continue its commitment to tie EU Recovery Funds to rule of law guarantees. EU member states should advance and expand scrutiny under Article 7.1 of the Treaty on European Union by adopting specific recommendations or voting to determine that there is a clear risk of a serious breach of EU values in Poland, as has been called for also by European Parliament. In September 2021, the same group introduced a new civic initiative “Stop Abortion” bill to parliament. It would consider abortion at any stage a homicide and would bring criminal penalties against women who have abortions, and anyone who assists them, with punishment of up to 25 years in prison.
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Critics argued that Polish women were hesitant to have children for financial reasons as well as out of fear over abortion restrictions introduced by the PiS. Katarzyna Lubnauer, a lawmaker at this source https://countrywaybridalboutique.com/european-women-features/polish-women-features/ with the liberal Civic Coalition , called Kaczyński “out of touch” and said his comments were “nonsense insulting to women”. The end of the War and the occupations of Poland by an Oppressive Communist regime created an even greater need. Assistance was given to the Polish Veterans in Italy, the Polish Mission in Argentina, the Polish Library in Paris, and the Sikorski Institute in London.
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“The problem is that many Polish women cannot afford to travel to another country, and in the poorer parts of the country many don’t have access to the internet,” Kacpura said. Next, Kacpura and groups like hers forged alliances with feminist groups abroad so Polish women could safely consult legitimate doctors online and either schedule procedures or get prescriptions for the “morning-after pill,” which is then mailed to their homes. Kacpura helped organize the massive “Black Monday” street demonstrations across Poland six years ago, which forced the Law and Justice government to back off on plans to ban all abortions, even in cases of rape, which its allies in the powerful Roman Catholic Church had been pushing for.
The exact number of illegal abortions performed is unknown, but reproductive health organizations estimate the figure is between 10 to 100 times higher. The procedure was legalized in 1956, due in part to arguments that unsafe abortions were contributing to high maternal mortality rates. Abortion became widely available in public hospitals and private clinics and was subsidized by the government if performed at a government institution. However, in November, Jarosław Kaczyński – chairman of the ruling party – blamed Poland’s low fertility rate on excessive consumption of alcohol by young women. This state of affairs created pertinent gender gaps in defense-related knowledge and skills in Polish society. In 2014 the Public Opinion Research Centre reported that only 6 percent of women recalled undergoing military training and 22 percent training in civil defense . Since coming to power in 2015, the PiS has granted more support to defence-related activities, while funnelling them into state-led channels such as its flagship project—the Territorial Defence Forces, formed in 2016.
“Restrictive abortion laws such as Poland’s are contrary to international and European human rights standards and public health guidelines. Our organizations’ interventions seek to highlight critical human rights aspects of such restrictive laws, and we are proud to support efforts to hold Poland accountable for these ongoing human rights violations” said the organizations.
The bill is backed by Ordo Iuris Institute for Legal Culture, an ultra-conservative, anti-choice, and anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex group. Very few abortions due to rape are approved, because the Polish government has set up so many legal roadblocks that by the time the procedure gets the green light, it’s too late, the members said. As a result, many rape victims go straight to local advocacy groups, which steer them to doctors willing to help. In Poland, a country of nearly 40 million people, only several hundred doctors are left who are still willing to perform abortions. WARSAW, Poland — Americans fearing the worst if the Supreme Court repeals Roe v. Wade could look to the Poles for tips about how to fight for abortion rights and find ways around harsh government-imposed restrictions. Outrage built up in Poland on Monday after the governing party’s leader, Jarosław Kaczyński, claimed excessive drinking by young women was to blame for the EU country’s low birthrate. Helena Lenard, Adela Preyss and Henryka Mankowna, women raised in Poland, now living in the United States, were deeply concerned for the women and children of their native county.
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Polish women are taking to the streets again, having emerged https://www.aginvestconference.com/the-spotlight-initiative-to-eliminate-violence-against-women-and-girls/ as the right-wing government’s biggest critics and most vocal opponents. In 2020 Poland’s constitutional court ruled that abortion due to fetal defects was unconstitutional.
Women struggling with symptoms related to leg heaviness, pain, and swelling may have experienced not only stigma and mistreatment, but also failure in their attempts of misunderstood self-management which could put them at risk of developing depression. The ruling eliminated one of the only remaining legal grounds for abortion under Poland’s highly restrictive law and its entry into force means that there is now effectively a near-total ban on abortion in Poland.